This research is now widely recognised as an integral part of any standing structure archaeological survey. The analysis of surviving paint finishes in a building not only identifies historic decorations and clarifies the use and function of specific areas, but assists in understanding structural development. The unit is currently collaborating with EH's Historic Analysis and Research Section to develop guidance notes advocating the importance of preliminary investigation as a basis for any repair or alteration. The guidelines will also include sections on recording historic paint finishes and wallpapers. Research carried out this year for Major Projects Division at Danson House, Kensal Green Cemetery, and Downe House has been important in establishing standards for research in these subjects.
The unit also operates a rescue archaeology service and was instrumental in salvaging traces of original paint finishes from a 1930s Modern Movement building, Pullman Court by Frederick Gibberd, which were being removed by sandblasting. Contemporary accounts indicated that the innovative building had been decorated in a subtle range of pinks and blues. Such cases highlight the fact that modern paint stripping methods are extremely effective and there is a real danger of the loss of a significant amount of historic paint from buildings in the future. Increasing awareness about the importance of retaining historic paintwork has been underlined by PPG-15 and has led to a greater involvement of the unit in projects requiring Listed Building Consent.
At Holkham Hall an investigation of the existing finishes was required to establish an appropriate scheme for the redecoration and prevent the loss of historic paint from important William Kent interiors. At Chicksands Priory, a Grade 1 building which retains elements dating from the 13th to the 19th century, the unit was asked to develop a research programme for the interior and liaise with architects to ensure that current alterations did not destroy any of the historic decorative schemes. The unit is overseeing the conservation of an early-19th century French Scenic wallpaper at Wrest Park which will be retained in situ. The unit has been working with conservators to establish a more holistic approach to wallpapers and interiors, as in the past the importance of wallpapers in an architectural context has been overlooked. The unit is currently investigating the conservation of paintwork at industrial archaeological sites. A brief prepared for the Claymills Pumping Station at Burton-on-Trent hopes to reconcile the problems of long term preservation of machinery and the retention of worn surfaces.
